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Showing posts with label Make the Call. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Make the Call. Show all posts
4/08/2015
2/09/2015
Game Management: Verbal De-escalation Techniques.
CAUTION: The guidelines presented below are intended for use with a player or team official whose agitated behavior is largely verbal, shows no signs of escalating beyond that point, and does not present as potentially physically aggressive or violent. Referees who suspect that a player or team official may present a safety risk to self or others should immediately seek additional assistance (Assistant referee/s, player/s, team official/s, etc.).
There are two important concepts to keep in mind:
1) Reasoning with an enraged player or team official is not possible. The first and only objective in de-escalation is to reduce the level of arousal so that discussion becomes possible.
2) De-escalation techniques are abnormal. We are driven to fight, flight or freeze when scared. However, in de-escalation, we can do none of these. We must appear centered and calm even when we are frightened.
A. THE REFEREE IN CONTROL OF HIM/HER SELF
1) Appear calm, centered and self-assured even though you don’t feel it. Relax facial muscles and look confident. Your anxiety can make the client feel anxious and unsafe and that can escalate aggression.
2) Use a modulated, low monotonous tone of voice (our normal tendency is to have a high pitched, tight voice when scared).
3) If cards were shown and if you have time, put them away.
4) Do not be defensive-even if the comments or insults are directed at you, they are not about you. Do not defend yourself or anyone else from insults, curses or misconceptions about the game and misinterpretations of the laws of the game.
5) Be aware of any resources available for back up. Know that you have the choice to terminate the game, tell the player/team official to leave should de-escalation not be effective
6) Be very respectful even when firmly setting limits or when showing a caution, sending off a player or dismissing a team official for irresponsible behavior. The agitated individual is very sensitive to feeling shamed and disrespected. We want him/her to know that it is not necessary to show us that they must be respected. We automatically treat them with dignity and respect.
B: THE PHYSICAL STANCE
1) Never turn your back for any reason
2) Always be at the same eye level. Encourage the player or team official to maintain distance.
3) Allow extra physical space between you – about four times your usual distance. Anger and agitation fill the extra space between you and the payer of team official.
4) Do not stand full front to player/team official. Stand at an angle so you can sidestep away if needed.
5) Do not maintain constant eye contact. Allow the player/team official to break his/her gaze and look away.
6) Do not point or shake your finger.
7) DO NOT smile. This could look like mockery or anxiety
8) Do not touch – even if some touching is generally culturally appropriate and usual in your setting. Cognitive dysfunction in agitated people allow for easy misinterpretation of physical contact as hostile or threatening.
9) Keep hands out of your pockets, up and available to protect yourself.
10) Do not argue or try to convince, give choices i.e. empower.
11) Don’t be defensive or judgmental.
12) LISTEN in a way they want to TALK to you.
13) TALK in a way they want to LISTEN to you.
C: THE DE-ESCALATION DISCUSSION
1) Remember that there is no content except trying to calmly bring the level of arousal down to baseline.
2) Do not get loud or try to yell over a screaming player/team personal. Wait until he/she takes a breath; then talk. Speak calmly at an average volume.
3) Respond selectively; answer all informational questions no matter how rudely asked, (e.g. "Why do I have to leave the F.....ing field when I was the one being hurt?” This is a real information-seeking question). DO NOT answer abusive questions (e.g. "Why are we paying you when you're not doing your job?) This question should get no response what so ever.
3) Explain limits and rules in an authoritative, firm, but always respectful tone. Give choices where possible in which both alternatives are safe ones (e.g. you’re telling me my ARs and I missed a elbow to the back, I promise you we’ll keep an eye on him for the remainder of the match, but don’t do anything stupid, let us handle it, let him be the one getting a red card not you.)
4) Empathize with feelings but not with the behavior (e.g. "I understand that you feel angry, but it is not okay for you to threaten me or my crew.")
5) Do not solicit how a person is feeling or interpret feelings in an analytic way.
6) Do not argue or try to convince.
7) Wherever possible, tap into the player's or team official’s cognitive mode:
DO NOT ask: "Tell me how you feel."
Ask: "Help me to understand what you are saying to me”
People are not attacking you while they are teaching you what they want you to know.
8) Suggest alternative behaviors where appropriate e.g. "Would you like to take a break or have some water?
9) Give the consequences of inappropriate behavior without threats or anger.
10) Trust your instincts. If you assess or feel that de-escalation is not working, STOP! You will know within 30 seconds to 1 minute if it’s beginning to work. Tell the player or team official to leave and get the captain and other players involve.
There is nothing magical about talking someone down. You are transferring your sense of calms and genuine interest in what the player or team official wants to tell you, and respectful, clear limit setting in the hope that the player or team official actually wishes to respond positively to your respectful attention.
Do not be a hero and do not try de-escalation when a person shows any behavior that signifies hostility or intent to attack.
There are two important concepts to keep in mind:
1) Reasoning with an enraged player or team official is not possible. The first and only objective in de-escalation is to reduce the level of arousal so that discussion becomes possible.
2) De-escalation techniques are abnormal. We are driven to fight, flight or freeze when scared. However, in de-escalation, we can do none of these. We must appear centered and calm even when we are frightened.
Therefore these techniques must be practiced
before they are needed so that they can become "second nature.”
THERE ARE 3 PARTS TO BE MASTERED IN VERBAL DE-ESCALATION
A. THE REFEREE IN CONTROL OF HIM/HER SELF
1) Appear calm, centered and self-assured even though you don’t feel it. Relax facial muscles and look confident. Your anxiety can make the client feel anxious and unsafe and that can escalate aggression.
2) Use a modulated, low monotonous tone of voice (our normal tendency is to have a high pitched, tight voice when scared).
3) If cards were shown and if you have time, put them away.
4) Do not be defensive-even if the comments or insults are directed at you, they are not about you. Do not defend yourself or anyone else from insults, curses or misconceptions about the game and misinterpretations of the laws of the game.
5) Be aware of any resources available for back up. Know that you have the choice to terminate the game, tell the player/team official to leave should de-escalation not be effective
6) Be very respectful even when firmly setting limits or when showing a caution, sending off a player or dismissing a team official for irresponsible behavior. The agitated individual is very sensitive to feeling shamed and disrespected. We want him/her to know that it is not necessary to show us that they must be respected. We automatically treat them with dignity and respect.
B: THE PHYSICAL STANCE
1) Never turn your back for any reason
2) Always be at the same eye level. Encourage the player or team official to maintain distance.
3) Allow extra physical space between you – about four times your usual distance. Anger and agitation fill the extra space between you and the payer of team official.
4) Do not stand full front to player/team official. Stand at an angle so you can sidestep away if needed.
5) Do not maintain constant eye contact. Allow the player/team official to break his/her gaze and look away.
6) Do not point or shake your finger.
7) DO NOT smile. This could look like mockery or anxiety
8) Do not touch – even if some touching is generally culturally appropriate and usual in your setting. Cognitive dysfunction in agitated people allow for easy misinterpretation of physical contact as hostile or threatening.
9) Keep hands out of your pockets, up and available to protect yourself.
10) Do not argue or try to convince, give choices i.e. empower.
11) Don’t be defensive or judgmental.
12) LISTEN in a way they want to TALK to you.
13) TALK in a way they want to LISTEN to you.
C: THE DE-ESCALATION DISCUSSION
1) Remember that there is no content except trying to calmly bring the level of arousal down to baseline.
2) Do not get loud or try to yell over a screaming player/team personal. Wait until he/she takes a breath; then talk. Speak calmly at an average volume.
3) Respond selectively; answer all informational questions no matter how rudely asked, (e.g. "Why do I have to leave the F.....ing field when I was the one being hurt?” This is a real information-seeking question). DO NOT answer abusive questions (e.g. "Why are we paying you when you're not doing your job?) This question should get no response what so ever.
3) Explain limits and rules in an authoritative, firm, but always respectful tone. Give choices where possible in which both alternatives are safe ones (e.g. you’re telling me my ARs and I missed a elbow to the back, I promise you we’ll keep an eye on him for the remainder of the match, but don’t do anything stupid, let us handle it, let him be the one getting a red card not you.)
4) Empathize with feelings but not with the behavior (e.g. "I understand that you feel angry, but it is not okay for you to threaten me or my crew.")
5) Do not solicit how a person is feeling or interpret feelings in an analytic way.
6) Do not argue or try to convince.
7) Wherever possible, tap into the player's or team official’s cognitive mode:
DO NOT ask: "Tell me how you feel."
Ask: "Help me to understand what you are saying to me”
People are not attacking you while they are teaching you what they want you to know.
8) Suggest alternative behaviors where appropriate e.g. "Would you like to take a break or have some water?
9) Give the consequences of inappropriate behavior without threats or anger.
10) Trust your instincts. If you assess or feel that de-escalation is not working, STOP! You will know within 30 seconds to 1 minute if it’s beginning to work. Tell the player or team official to leave and get the captain and other players involve.
There is nothing magical about talking someone down. You are transferring your sense of calms and genuine interest in what the player or team official wants to tell you, and respectful, clear limit setting in the hope that the player or team official actually wishes to respond positively to your respectful attention.
Do not be a hero and do not try de-escalation when a person shows any behavior that signifies hostility or intent to attack.
Videos Analysis: Mental Readiness
Anybody can say "THAT IS JUST WRONG". Recognizing WHAT, WHEN, WHERE, WHY and HOW is what separates the Referee from the wannabes.
When analyzing the videos fill in the blanks:
- What...
- When...
- Where...
- Why...
- How...
Concentration/ Awareness:
- Is the referee aware of a possible conflict in allowing the game to continue?
- Is there immediate communication between the match officials to avoid unnecessary protests or appeals?
- Does the referee keep his focus and concentration throughout the incident?
- Is the referee in a good position to make the correct decision?
- Is the communication process appropriate in deciding who the offending player is?
- Is the referee aware of what the law allows in certain situations?
- Is the AR closer to the action than the referee?
- Does the AR have a better view of the incident than the referee?
- Does the referee have a better view of the incident than the AR?
- Is the signal from the AR to the referee clear?
- Did the referee make a decision before the signal by the AR?
- Does the incident happen out of the view of the referee?
- Does the AR inform the referee about any misconduct?
- Should one of the match officials have seen the incident?
- Should the fourth official intervene if none of the other officials saw the incident?
- Has teamwork broken down because of a lack of concentration?
- Is the referee too close to the incident?
- Is the referee too far away to make a credible decision?
- Is the referees view obscured by a player(s)?
- Does the referee create a good viewing angle in order to get the correct decision?
- Is the Assistant Referee better placed than the referee?
- Are both the referee and the assistant referee in good viewing positions?
Video #1
Video #2
Video #4
Video #5
8/14/2014
Make The Call -
(ATR 12.28.1, 12.25)
6/17/2013
Make The Call - 6/17 - 6/23
Blue #10 (attacker) takes a shot on goal. White #2 (defender) while hanging from the crossbar, deflected the shot over the goal with his head. Make the call.
Answer: Send Off (DOGSO) White#2 and restart with an Indirect Free Kick.
Answer: Send Off (DOGSO) White#2 and restart with an Indirect Free Kick.
6/11/2013
Make The Call - 6/10 - 6/16
A direct free kick (DFK) is awarded to the red team just outside their penalty area. The red team player #7, who is not the goalkeeper, takes the DFK and miss-kicks the ball, sending it in the direction of his own goal. The red team player #7 realizes that the ball is headed for his own net and runs to the ball in an attempt to stop it before it enters the goal. While inside his penalty area, red team player #7 dives and deflects the ball with his hand over the goal line, preventing it from going into his goal.
5/20/2013
Make the Call - 5/20 - 5/26
U16 Boys White vs Green.
Green # 7, while inside the opposing (White) goalkeeper's penalty area, is deliberately preventing him from punting the ball back into play by blocking the goalkeeper's movement with his body.
The goalkeeper, angry, throws the ball into the attacking player's face.
Answer: Award an Indirect Free Kick to the goalkeeper's team, Send-Off the goalkeeper and Caution the attacking player. (ATR 12.23, 12.28.1, 12.34)
Green # 7, while inside the opposing (White) goalkeeper's penalty area, is deliberately preventing him from punting the ball back into play by blocking the goalkeeper's movement with his body.
The goalkeeper, angry, throws the ball into the attacking player's face.
Answer: Award an Indirect Free Kick to the goalkeeper's team, Send-Off the goalkeeper and Caution the attacking player. (ATR 12.23, 12.28.1, 12.34)
5/13/2013
Make the Call - 5/13 - 5/19
An attacking player challenged the opposing goalkeeper in a non-aggressive manner, shoulder-to-shoulder, while the goalkeeper was holding the ball in his hands. As a result, the goalkeeper dropped the ball and the attacking player scored a goal. Please indicate the correct restart.
Answer: Direct Free Kick
Answer: Direct Free Kick
5/06/2013
Make the Call - 5/6 - 5/12
After a Throw-In was performed the Assisstant Referee raised his flag and signalled that the Throw-In was NOT performed in accordance with Law 15.
The Referee disagreed, deciding the infringement was trifling and waived the Assisstant Referee down.
Confused by the situation, the Throw-In taker's teammate lost possession of the ball and the opposing team scored a Goal from a quick counter attack.
What action should the Referee take?
Answer: Award the Goal - ATR 5.7, 5.5, 15.5
The Referee disagreed, deciding the infringement was trifling and waived the Assisstant Referee down.
Confused by the situation, the Throw-In taker's teammate lost possession of the ball and the opposing team scored a Goal from a quick counter attack.
What action should the Referee take?
Answer: Award the Goal - ATR 5.7, 5.5, 15.5
4/29/2013
Make the Call - 4/29 - 5/5
Red vs White U18 Girls State Cup Final, during kicks from the penalty mark.
White #9 is among the players eligible to participate in kicks from the penalty mark for her team.
However, after all other eligible Red players have kicked, White #9 cannot be found despite repeated efforts to locate her.
At this point, the Referee should declare the match terminated without completing the kicks from the penalty mark process and should include this information in the match report.
True or False
Answer: FALSE - ATR 3.12, 19.2
White #9 is among the players eligible to participate in kicks from the penalty mark for her team.
However, after all other eligible Red players have kicked, White #9 cannot be found despite repeated efforts to locate her.
At this point, the Referee should declare the match terminated without completing the kicks from the penalty mark process and should include this information in the match report.
True or False
Answer: FALSE - ATR 3.12, 19.2
4/22/2013
Make the Call - 4/22 - 4/28
Because he heard a whistle from a nearby field, a player picks up a ball while in his own penalty area and hands it to the Referee.
After stopping the play, the Referee should restart it with:
IDF - DFK - Dropped Ball - Penalty Kick
Answer: Dropped Ball - ATR 5.7
After stopping the play, the Referee should restart it with:
IDF - DFK - Dropped Ball - Penalty Kick
Answer: Dropped Ball - ATR 5.7
4/16/2013
Make The Call - 4/15 - 4/21
During a Boys U17 State Cup Final.
White #3 gets a yellow for UB in the 7th min. White #3 gets a second yellow for UB in the 29th min.
But the referee doesn't remember about the first yellow card and he (referee) doesn't show him (white #3) a red card. White #3 scores a goal at the 44th min. and before the restart (kick off) the referee is informed by the AR1 that White #3 has 2 yellow cards. The referee double checked his notes and in fact White #3 has 2 yellow cards.
Answer:Show White #3 a red card/send off and disallow the goal. Restart with and goal kick.
White #3 gets a yellow for UB in the 7th min. White #3 gets a second yellow for UB in the 29th min.
But the referee doesn't remember about the first yellow card and he (referee) doesn't show him (white #3) a red card. White #3 scores a goal at the 44th min. and before the restart (kick off) the referee is informed by the AR1 that White #3 has 2 yellow cards. The referee double checked his notes and in fact White #3 has 2 yellow cards.
Answer:Show White #3 a red card/send off and disallow the goal. Restart with and goal kick.
4/09/2013
Make The Call - 4/8 - 4/14
A defender,
standing immediately next to his team's goal post, denied an obvious goal
scoring opportunity to the opposing team by intentionally handling the ball.
The ball, however, landed next to the opposing team's attacking player who also
had an obvious goal scoring opportunity. The Referee decided to apply an
advantage rule, but before it had a chance to materialize, another defender
committed a reckless foul on the attacking player in possession of the ball.
The attacking player never managed to take a shot on goal. The Referee stopped
the play and at that time was advised by the Assistant Referee that the
"goalkeeper", who made the save is a substitute goalkeeper, who
switched places during the half time with the starting goalkeeper, without
notifying the Referee. What should the Referee do?
Answer: ATR 12.38,
12.28.1 Award a Penalty Kick, Send Off
both defenders and Caution the "substitute" goalkeeper.
4/02/2013
Make The Call - 4/1 - 4/7
A substitute of the White team entered the field without the Referee's permission while the ball was in play and was subsequently punched in the face by an attacking player of the Blue team. What will the Referee do in this situation?
Answer: ATR 12.34, 12.35, 12.28.8 Send Off the attacking player, Caution the substitute and award an Indirect Free Kick to the Blue team.
Answer: ATR 12.34, 12.35, 12.28.8 Send Off the attacking player, Caution the substitute and award an Indirect Free Kick to the Blue team.
3/26/2013
Make The Call - 3/25 - 3/31
Two players
(teammates) found themselves temporarily outside the field of play. Teammate A
confronted teammate B about his lack of skills. After not seeing any reaction
from teammate B, teammate A punched him in the face while the ball was still in
play. In this situation the Referee should:
Answer: ATR 5.19, 12.34 Stop the
play, Send-Off teammate A and restart the game with a Dropped Ball
3/19/2013
Make The Call - 3/18 - 3/24
Blue # 9 challenged White#1 the goalkeeper in a non-aggressive manner,
shoulder-to-shoulder, while the White goalkeeper was holding the ball in his hands.
As a result, the White goalkeeper dropped the ball and Blue #9 scored a
goal. Please indicate the correct restart.
Answer: ATR 12.23
Indirect Free Kick
3/12/2013
Make The Call - 3/11 - 3/17
After the
goalkeeper from the White team deflected a shot on goal, Black # 7, who at the
moment was receiving medical attention outside the field of play, ran onto the
field of play without the Referee's permission and purposely scored a goal with
his hand. What would you do?
Answer: ATR 3.13, 12.28.1, 12.28.6 : Disallow the Goal, Caution and Send Off Black #7 (2CT) and award a Direct Free Kick to the White team.
Answer: ATR 3.13, 12.28.1, 12.28.6 : Disallow the Goal, Caution and Send Off Black #7 (2CT) and award a Direct Free Kick to the White team.
3/05/2013
Make the Call - 3/4 - 3/10
In a men's amateur match, the black team's goalkeeper yells at black #2, "Hey, you have to mark your man." Black #2 laughs and ignores the goalkeeper. Two minutes later, white #9 dribbles around black #2 and takes a shot which the goalkeeper barely saves. The black team's goalkeeper, gets mad, drops the ball and dribbles outside his penalty area, picks up the ball and deliberately throws it at black #2 who is standing inside the penalty area, hitting him in the face. What should the referee do and how is play restarted...
2/24/2013
Make the Call - 2/25 - 3/3
In a U-16 boys game, Black #12, a team substitute, enters the field of play without permission from the referee. While the ball is in play, White #5 strikes Black #12 in the middle of the field.What should the referee do? What is the restart?.
Answer: The referee should stop play, show the red card to white #5, and send him off for violent conduct for striking black #12. Then the referee should show the yellow card to black #12, and caution him for unsporting behavior when he entered the field of play without permission from the referee. The referee should start play with an indirect free kick for the black team. Violent conduct is a more serious misconduct than entering the field of play without permission, and so the send-off is managed first in order to calm players down and prevent possible player confrontations and/or additional misconduct.
2/19/2013
Make the Call - ATR
During a U17 Boys match Blue team player #9 falls to the ground after being held by Red team player #8 in the middle of the field. Blue #9 rolls around grabbing his ankle while screaming at the referee that the opponent should be cautioned.... "and no, Blue #9 is not Fernando Torres."What should the referee do? and what's the restart?
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